Ch23+24 Apush Notes

AP US tale Review Sheet Chapters 23 and 241. In the Presidential election of 1868, U. S. Grants victory was imputable to the votes of former dense slaves.2. In the late 19th one C, those political candidates who laboured by waiving the bloody shirt were reminding voters of the traitorous Confederate Democrats during the Civil War.3. A weapon that was used to put Boss Tweed, leader of New York urban centers infamous Tweed Ring, in jail was the cartoons of the political satirist Thomas Nast.4.The Credit Mobilier crap involved rail line line construction kickbacks involving the Union Pacific Railroad.5. One cause of the Panic of 1873 was the construction of much factories than the market could bear.6. As a solution to the panic of 1873, debtors suggested inflationary policies.7. One result of Re commonan trying money policies was to help elect a Democratic House of Representatives in 1874, and later the creation of the flyer Labor party.8. During the Gilded Age, the Democrat s and the Republicans had few significant economic differences.9. The presidential elections of the 1870s and 1880s aroused great pertain among voters.10. One reason for the heavy turnouts and partisan fervor was the Gilded Age was sharp ethnic and cultural differences in the membership of the two parties.11. During the Gilded Age, the lifeblood of both the Democratic and the Republican parties was political patronage.12. The major conundrum in the 1876 presidential election centered on the two sets of election returns submitted by Florida, southeasterly Carolina, and Louisiana.13. The agree of 1877 resulted the end Reconstruction, and the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.14. The seque3nce of presidential terms of the forgettable presidents of the Gilded Age (including Clevelands two non-consecutive terms) was Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, and Cleveland.15. In the 1896 case of Plessy vs. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that separate but di sturb facilities were constitutional.16. At the end of Reconstruction, Southern whites disenfranchised African-Americans with poll taxes (made illegal in federal elections via the 24th Amendment in 1964, and in say elections subsequent to that via Supreme Court ruling), literacy tests (made illegal by the Voting Rights Act of 1965), gramps clauses (made illegal by Supreme Court decision in 1915), and economic intimidation.17. The legal codes that established the carcass of segregation were called Jim Crow natural laws. Jim Crow was the name of a character in a minstrel show.18.The railroad strike of 1877 started when the four largest railroads cut salaries by ten percent.19. Labor zymolysis in the 1870s and 1880s resulted in the use of federal troops during strikes.20. In the wake of anti-Chinese violence in California, the U. S. Congress passed a law prohibiting immigration of Chinese painsers to American (the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. )21. One of the main reasons that th e Chinese came to the U. S was to dig for gold.22. Abraham Lincoln was the beginning president to be assassinated while in office the morsel was James Garfield. The third was William McKinley, and the fourth and last was JFK.23. President James A. Garfield was assassinated by a deranged, discomfited office seeker.24. The Pendleton Act required appointees to public office to take a competitive examination, and outlawed the indispensability that federal workers contribute to election campaigns.25. With the passage of the Pendleton Act, politicians now sought money from big corporations.26. The 1884 election fight between James G. Blaine and Grover Cleveland was noted for its personal attacks on the two candidates.27. U. S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, and Chester Arthur were all Republicans. Grover Cleveland was a Democrat. Cleveland and Wilson would be the only Democrats elected between 1860 and 1928.28. On the issue of the tariff, President Grover Cleveland advoca ted a lower rate.29. The major campaign issue of the 1888 presidential election was tariff policy. 30. In the later decades of the 19th century, it was generally true that the venue of political power was Congress.31.The early Populist campaign to create a coalition of white and black farmers ended a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South.32. The political developments of the 1890s were generally shaped by the most severe and extended economic depression up to that time.33. Economic unrest and the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act led to the rise of a pro-silver leader a magnetised young Congressman from Nebraska William Jennings Bryan.34. President Grover Cleveland aroused wide-spread public anger by his action of borrow $65 million in gold from J. P. Morgans banking syndicate.35. During the Gilded Age, most of the railroad barons built their railroads with politics assistance.36. The national government helped to finance transcontinental railroad construction in the late nineteenth century by providing railroad corporations with land grants.37. The only transcontinental railroad built without government aid was the wide Northern.38. The greatest single factor helping to spur the amazing industrialization of the post-Civil War years was the railroad network.39. The U. S. hanged to standard time zones when the major rail lines established the division of the continent into four zones so that they could maintain schedules and avoid wrecks.40. Agreements between railroad corporations to divide the business in a given area and cope the profits were called pools.41. Efforts to regulate the monopolizing practices of railroad corporations prototypical came in the form of action by state legislatures.42. The first federal regulatory agency designed to protect the public interest from business combinations was the Interstate calling Commission.43. One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it equ al the first large-scale feat by the federal government to regulate business.44. After the Civil War, the plentiful supply of unskilled crusade in the U. S. helped to build the nation into an industrial giant.45. One of the methods by which post-Civil War business leaders increase their profits was elimination of as much competition as possible.46. Carnegie sword Rockefeller petroleum Morgan banking Duke tobacco Vanderbilt railroads.47.The steel fabrication owed much to the inventive genius of Henry Bessemer (the Bessemer Process, which made it possible to make a better(p) grade of steel, at a better price. )48. J. P. Morgan monitored his competition by placing officers of his bank on the boards of companies that he precious to control. This method was known as an interlocking directorate.49. Americas first billion-dollar corporation was United States Steel.50. The first major product of the oil industry was kerosene.51. The oil industry became a huge business with the ex cogitation of the internal combustion engine.52. John D. Rockefeller used the following tactics to achieve success in the oil industry extorting rebates from railroads, pursing a policy of rule or ruin, employing spies, and using high-pressure sales methods.53. The gospel of wealth, which associated theology with wealth, discouraged efforts to help the poor.54. The Fourteenth Amendment was especially helpful to giant corporations when defending themselves against regulation by state governments.55. The Sherman Anti-trust Act was at first primarily used to curb the power of labor amount of moneys.56.During the age of industrialization, the South remained overwhelmingly rural and agricultural.57. In the late 19th century, tax benefits and cheap, nonunion labor attracted textile manufacturing to the naked South. 58. The group most effected by the new industrial age was women. 59. The image of the Gibson Girl represented an independent and athletic new woman. 60. Generally, the Supr eme Court in the late nineteenth century construe the Constitution in such a way as to favor corporations.61. In its efforts on behalf of workers, the issue Labor Union won an eight-hour workday for government workers.62. The Knights of Labor believed that conflict between capital and labor would disappear when labor would operate business and industries.63. The most effective and most enduring labor union of the post-Civil War period was the American Federation of Labor.64. By 1900, American attitudes toward labor began to change as the public came to recognize the right of workers to bargain collectively and strike. Nevertheless, the vast majority of employers continued to fight organized labor.65. By 1900, organized labor in America had begun to develop a positive image with the public.66. Historians critical of the captains of industry and capitalism concede that class-based protest has never been a powerful force in the U. S. because America has great social mobility than Eu rope has.67. The following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion a political climate favoring business a large pool of unskilled labor an abundance of natural resources and American ingenuity and inventiveness.68. The first transcontinental railroad was completed by the construction efforts of the Union Pacific and the aboriginal Pacific railroads.